- Preparation and Briefing
Detectives begin with a thorough review of case files, known intelligence, and prior reports. Objectives are clearly defined, including what information needs to be gathered, the scope of surveillance, and potential risks. Team members are assigned roles, and communication protocols are established. - Initial Observation
The first stage in the field is discreet observation of the suspect in natural settings. Detectives document physical appearance, vehicles, common locations, and time patterns without making direct contact. Special care is taken to blend into the environment to avoid detection. - Surveillance and Movement Tracking
Detectives follow the suspect on foot or by vehicle, alternating team members when necessary to reduce suspicion. GPS data, photographs, and field notes are logged to establish a timeline of daily routines. Every departure, arrival, and detour is recorded to build a behavioral map. - Pattern Development
As surveillance continues, detectives analyze patterns such as work schedules, recreational activities, and unusual deviations. This information helps predict future behavior and determine key opportunities for further evidence collection. - Association Identification
Attention is given to individuals the suspect regularly interacts with. Detectives document names when available, physical descriptions, and frequency of contact. Locations of meetings are noted to uncover secondary networks. Photographic evidence and corroborating observations support the creation of association charts. - Evidence Documentation
All field activity is logged in chronological order with time-stamped notes, photographs, and digital recordings. Detectives maintain chain-of-custody standards for any material that could later be introduced in court. Reports remain factual, avoiding assumptions. - Evaluation and Adjustment
At regular intervals, the investigative team reviews collected data to refine strategies. Surveillance plans may shift based on new leads, unexpected movements, or risk of exposure. If warranted, the team escalates to direct interventions such as controlled encounters or coordination with tactical units.
https://www.usmarshals.gov/what-we-do/tactical-operations
- Reporting and Handoff
At the conclusion of fieldwork, detectives compile findings into a comprehensive report, summarizing movements, patterns, associations, and potential leads. This report is submitted to supervising officers or prosecutors for review and next steps.